259 DNA and RNA alterations associated with colorectal peritoneal metastases: A systematic review Reference Level of Testing Genes or Panel Investigated Type of Analysis Gene or Molecule Name and Mutation or Expression Status (n) No. of Patients with PM (N) with Outcomes (n) No. of Patients without PM (N) with Corresponding Outcomes (n) MMR Status (MSI/ MSS) Findings as Reported by Authors in Studies Synch. Metach. He et al. 23 DNA KRAS, BRAF, NRAS NGS N = 26 N = 0 N = 174 N/A Mutant KRAS tumors had a significant relevance with PM (p = 0.017 d). KRAS codon 12 mutation was more likely to present with PM (p = 0.014 d). Patients with PM had the tendency to carry mutant KRAS G12D (p = 0.052 d). Tumors with mutated BRAF were more likely to develop PM (p = 0.052 d). Any mutation (108) 20 - 88 KRAS mutant (77) 15 - 62 NRAS mutant (8) 0 - 8 BRAF mutant (23) 5 - 18 All wild-type (86) 6 - 80 EMT, epithelial–mesenchymal transition; FFPE, formalin fixated paraffin embedded; LNOC, large non-obstructing colorectal cancer; LM, liver metastases; MS, microsatellite; MMR, mismatch repair; MSS, microsatellite stable; MSI, microsatellite instable; N/A, non-applicable; NGS, next-generation sequencing; PCR, polymerase chain reaction; PM, peritoneal metastases; PS, pyrosequencing; qMSP, quantitative methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction; RT, quantitative real time; SOC, small obstructing colorectal cancer; SNP, single nucleotide polymorphism. * EMT, epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) = ZEB 1, ZEB 2, SNAI1 and VIM overexpression and CDH1 downregulation. † No longer met the criteria for statistical significance. a Kruskal–Wallis test; b Student’s t-test; c Mann–Whitney U test; d Chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test; e Mantel–Haenszel chi-squared test; f Univariate analysis; g Multivariate analysis. Table 3. Continued 11
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