Danique Heuvelings

281 Predictive genetic biomarkers for the development of peritoneal metastases in colorectal cancer Table 2. Comparison of patient characteristics and clinicopathological variables in the relation to the development of metastases. Variable M0 (N = 20) LM (N = 10) PM (N = 9) p Value Age at time of diagnosis (years) —median (Q1–Q3) 69.00 (62.00–74.90) 69.00 (63.75–74.25) 68.00 (58.00–74.00) 0.801 a Gender–n (%) Male Female 12 (60) 8 (40) 8 (80) 2 (20) 5 (55.6) 4 (44.4) 0.514 b Primary tumor location †—n (%) Right colon Left colon Rectum 10 (50) 7 (35) 3 (15) 2 (20) 5 (50) 3 (30) 2 (22.2) 4 (44.4) 3 (33.3) 0.433 b Tumor size (cm) –median (Q1–Q3) 4.10 (3.28–5.38) 2.25 (1.80–5.43) 3.00 (2.40–3.50) 0.061 a Differentiation grade—n (%) * Poor Poor/moderate Moderate Moderate/well 4 (20) 2 (10) 14 (70) 0 (0) 0 (0) 2 (20) 6 (60) 1 (10) 0 (0) 8 (88.9) 1 (11.1) 0 (0) <0.001 b Type of surgery—n (%) Open Laparoscopic Robot assisted 10 (50) 10 (50) 0 (0) 2 (20) 6 (60) 2 (20) 5 (55.6) 4 (44.4) 0 (0) 0.153 b Positive lymph nodes—n (%) No Yes 11 (55) 9 (45) 8 (80) 2 (20) 5 (55.6) 4 (44.4) 0.389 b Neoadjuvant treatment—n (%) No Yes 17 (85) 3 (15) 4 (40) 6 (60) 7 (77.8) 2 (22.2) 0.039 b Adjuvant treatment—n (%) * No Yes 9 (45) 11 (55) 7 (70) 2 (20) 4 (44.4) 5 (55.6) 0.247 b Oncological history—n (%) No Yes 18 (90) 2 (10) 8 (80) 2 (20) 8 (88.9) 1 (11.1) 0.882 b Oncological family history—n (%) * No Yes 6 (30) 12 (60) 3 (30) 5 (50) 0 (0) 1 (11.1) 1.000 b Time between surgery and metastases (months)—median (Q1–Q3) N/A 18.09 (7.77–28.95) 16.42 (9.71–25.05) 0.744 c PCI score—median (Q1–Q3) N/A N/A 3.50 (3.00–4.00) N/A a Kruskal–Wallis Test; b Fisher–Freeman–Halton Exact Test; c Mann–Whitney test. † Right-sided = from caecum to transverse colon; left-sided = from the splenic flexure to sigmoid. * Missing data in differentiation grade (LM = 1), adjuvant treatment (LM = 1), and oncological family history (M0 = 2, LM = 2 and PM = 8). M0, no metastases; LM, liver metastases; PM, peritoneal metastases; Q1–Q3, quartile 1–quartile 3; N/A, not applicable; PCI, peritoneal cancer index. 12

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