33 Quality of reporting on anastomotic leaks in colorectal trials: A systematic review Table 1. Continued Author Year Country Study design Number of patients* Number of studies Aim of the study Type of resections included Cong et al. 35 2013 China SR 24288 70 To evaluate the pooled incidence and severity of AL and determine the average rate of AL for each grade after AR for rectal cancer. AR, (ultra)LAR, sphincter-saving resection Maggiore et al. 36 2018 Egypt RCT 57 N/A To compare the short-term operative as well as oncologic outcomes of robotic-assisted and laparoscopic rectal cancer resections AR, (ultra)LAR, APR Debakey et al. 37 2022 China SR and MA 1556 7 To evaluate the TDT effect on AL prevention. Laparoscopic rectal resections Deng et al. 38 2020 Italy RCT 252 N/A To evaluate the usefulness of intraoperative assessment of anastomotic perfusion using ICG angiography in patients undergoing leftsided colon or rectal resection with colorectal anastomosis. LAR, left colectomy Emile et al. 39 2022 Egypt SR and MA 8786 27 To assess changes in surgical plan based on ICG fluorescence angiography on the rates of AL. All types of colorectal procedures Finochi et al. 40 2020 France MA 5115 12 To compare postoperative outcomes between patients undergoing rectal cancer resection performed by totally laparoscopic approach compared to those who underwent intraoperative conversion. APR, sphinctersaving resection Floodeen et al. 41 2013 Sweden RCT 45 N/A To compare patients with symptomatic AL following LAR for cancer diagnosed during the initial hospital stay with those in whom leakage was diagnosed after hospital discharge. LAR Fujii et al. 42 2018 Japan RCT 331 N/A To clarify whether the IMA should be tied at the origin (high tie) or distal to the left colic artery (low tie) in relation to AL. AR 2
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