72 CHAPTER 5 TABLE 2: PATIENT CHARACTERISTICS PROBABLY ASSOCIATED WITH VKA VERSUS NOAC PRESCRIPTION IN PATIENTS WITH NEW-ONSET ATRIAL FIBRILLATION DIAGNOSED FROM 2011 THROUGH 2017. Univariable analyses Variable VKA (n=1,842) NOAC (n=603) Unadjusted odds ratio (95% CI) Male sex 939 (51.0) 305 (50.6) 1.02 (0.85–1.22) Age in years 76 (69–83) 72 (65–79) 1.03 (1.03–1.04) Age ≥75 years 1,039 (56.4) 235 (39.0) 2.03 (1.68–2.45) CHA2DS2-VASc score 3 (2–4) 3 (2–4) 1.21 (1.14–1.28) CHA2DS2-VASc score ≥2 1,570 (85.2) 467 (77.4) 1.68 (1.34–2.12) Heart failure 365 (19.8) 60 (10.0) 2.24 (1.67–2.99) Hypertension 934 (50.7) 316 (52.4) 0.93 (0.78–1.12) Diabetes mellitus 439 (23.8) 102 (16.9) 1.54 (1.21–1.95) CVA or TIA 160 (8.7) 48 (8.0) 1.10 (0.79–1.54) Vascular diseasea 349 (18.9) 76 (12.6) 1.62 (1.24–2.12) Renal impairmentb 444 (24.1) 99 (16.4) 1.62 (1.27–2.06) Dementia 84 (4.6) 9 (1.5) 3.15 (1.58–6.31) Asthma or COPD 313 (17.0) 110 (18.2) 0.92 (0.72–1.17) Malignancyc 158 (8.6) 69 (11.4) 0.73 (0.54–0.98) History of bleedingd 349 (18.9) 107 (17.7) 1.08 (0.85–1.38) Multivariable analysese Variable Adjusted odds ratio (95% CI) Age in years 1.03 (1.02–1.04) Heart failure 1.72 (1.27–2.32) Hypertension 0.80 (0.66–0.97) Diabetes mellitus 1.45 (1.13–1.85) Vascular diseasea 1.38 (1.05–1.82) Dementia 2.11 (1.04–4.28) Malignancyc 0.63 (0.46–0.85) Data are n (%) or median (interquartile range). a Coronary artery disease or peripheral vascular (arterial or venous) disease. b International Classification of Primary Care (ICPC) code U99.01 (renal impairment) or estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 mL/min/1.73 m2. c Five most prevalent malignancies in the Netherlands (apart from skin cancer): breast cancer, prostate cancer, colon cancer, lung cancer, and haematological cancer. d Posttraumatic extradural/subdural/intracerebral haemorrhage, haemoptysis, epistaxis, haematemesis, melaena, haematochezia, haematuria, menorrhagia, postpartum haemorrhage. e Multivariable analyses with stepwise backward elimination (eliminated if p-value ≥0.05) and with age and CHA2DS2-VASc score as continuous instead of dichotomous variables. CI: confidence interval; COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CVA: cerebrovascular accident; n: number; NOAC: non–vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulant; TIA: transient ischaemic attack; VKA: vitamin K antagonist.
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