112 Chapter 2 Table A.9 Characteristics of the studies focussing on other clinical populations Paper Country Target group N % male Age, mean (SD) Age range Intervention arms Intervention characteristics Assessments Variables measured Findings relevant for current review Craig et al. 2016 USA Children*** 59d 59.0 9.65 (1.27) 7-11 years 1. Social skills intervention game ‘Zoo U’. 2. Waitlist control group. 1. Participants completed the game over a 10week period. 2. Participants did not have access to the game until the study trial period was over. Pre and post. Social skills (subscales: impulse control, communication, cooperation, social initiation, empathy, emotion regulation, assertiveness skills, internalising and externalising behaviour problems), self-efficacy, loneliness and dissatisfaction with peer relationships, social literacy. The intervention group showed enhanced social skills in the areas of impulse control, emotion regulation, and social initiation, as well as more adaptive social behaviour compared to the control group. Participants in the intervention group also reported improvements in their social self-efficacy, social satisfaction, and social literacy compared to the control group. Parents of children in the intervention group reported an increase in internalising problem behaviours at post-test. Hsieh et al. 2016** Taiwan Children diagnosed with developmental delays in the domains of gross or fine motor function, speech and language, cognition, social or emotional function, personal interaction, and/or sensory integration, and attending traditional rehabilitation treatment* 157a 31.3b 5.87 (2.09) 3-12 years 1. Several sports video games (selected from 24 games) + TAU. 2. Traditional rehabilitation treatment only. 1. Eight 30minute sessions over a four-week period (i.e., two sessions per week), in addition to traditional rehabilitation treatment. 2. After four weeks of TAU, participants were offered the gaming intervention. Pre, halfway the trial (i.e., after 4 weeks), and post. Children’s health-related quality of life (subscales: physical functioning and psychosocial health), functional performance (i.e., upper extremity and physical function, transfer and basic mobility, sports and physical function, global functioning), family functioning, parents’ satisfaction with child’s care, parents’ quality of life. Physical functioning improved in both groups during the intervention periods. No significant improvements were observed for psychosocial health, functional performance, family functioning, parents’ satisfaction with child’s care and parents’ quality of life.
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