2 133 REVIEW OF APPLIED & CASUAL GAMES FOR MENTAL HEALTH Table A.12 Characteristics of the studies focussing on well-being, internalising symptoms, and/or general psychological difficulties Paper Country Target group N % male Age, mean (SD) Age range Intervention arms Intervention characteristics Assessments Variables measured Findings relevant for current review Abbott et al. 2014** Australia Children 74*a 50.0 11.30 (0.80) 10-12 years 1. No games, removal of all electronic game devices from the home. 2. Traditional nonviolent games of their choice. 3. Active-input nonviolent games of their choice. 1-3. Participants were randomised to a counterbalanced order of the three conditions, each lasting 8 weeks. Pre and after each condition. Self-esteem (global self-worth, social acceptance, scholastic, athletic, physical and behavioural competence), electronic game use anxiety; enjoyment of physical activity. Compared with home access to traditional electronic games, neither removal of all electronic games nor replacement with active-input games resulted in any significant change in self-esteem, enjoyment of physical activity or anxiety related to electronic games. Axford et al. 2020*** UK Children 3480*h 44.7 8.85 (1.15) 7-11 years 1. KiVa program (applied game). 2. Waitlist control group (passive condition). 1. Ten 90-minute lessons to be delivered monthly over a full academic year. 2. Control schools were asked to continue with their usual practices in line with their bullying policy. The KiVa program was implemented in the next academic year. Pre and post (after 12 months). Victimization, bullying perpetration, social and emotional well-being (subscales: emotional symptoms, conduct problems, peer relationship problems, prosocial behaviour, total difficulties score and impact score), school absenteeism, fidelity measures, program implementation; school size, free school meals eligibility, gender, age, special education needs, free school meals status (control variables). No significant differences were found on any of the variables.
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