150 Chapter 2 Paper Country Target group N % male Age, mean (SD) Age range Intervention arms Intervention characteristics Assessments Variables measured Findings relevant for current review Yunus et al. 2020 Malaysia Undergra-duate students 36 13.9 22.89 (1.06) 20-24 years 1. Playing exergame(s) of their choice, in pairs, from Kinect Sports 1 and 2 (casual game). 2. Control group (passive condition). 1. Three 30-minutes sessions per week, for six weeks. 2. Participants continued with their daily routine for 6 weeks. Pre and post. Sleep, depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, stress symptoms; questions related to feasibility. Exergaming significantly improved sleep and anxiety and stress symptoms. Notes. Intervention arms and variables measured in bold are included in the forest plot. All studies used a regular randomised controlled trial (RCT) design, unless otherwise stated. CBT = cognitive behavioural therapy; EEG = electroencephalography, FU = follow-up; NA = not available and/or could not be obtained. *Gender and (mean) age are reported for included/analysed participants (and not for the total randomised participants), with a n=66, b n=142, c n=18, d n=123 (gender only), e n=371, f n=60, g n=86, h n = 3214, i n = 137, j n = 48, k n = 134, l n = 111, m n = 190, o n = 80. p Remaining participants were 16.3% female and 47.1.% gender minority. q The study was set up as a universal intervention. All participants who provided consent were allowed to participate in the study. Participants who scored above the predefined cut-off point for moderate levels of depression or anxiety were allowed to carry on in the study but were also offered additional support. These students were not excluded from the analysis. Of the sample, 36% were identified as being at risk for depression, 24% had high levels of depression, and 34% scored above the cut off for generalised anxiety disorder. ** Crossover RCT. *** Cluster RCT. **** Cluster & crossover RCT. ***** For mental quality of life the post value was used to calculate the effect size, for negative affect the value one the day after post was used. ****** Randomisation not applicable as the study used participants from one trial arm of a previous study. Number of participants, gender and mean age refer to the included participants in the current study.
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