2 73 REVIEW OF APPLIED & CASUAL GAMES FOR MENTAL HEALTH Paper Country Target group N % male Age, mean (SD) Age range Intervention arms Intervention characteristics Assessments Variables measured Findings relevant for current review Bikic et al. 2017 Denmark Adolescents with ADHD 18 76.5 15.6 (0.99) 14-17 years 1. Computerised cognitive exercises from the Scientific Brain Training (SBT) program (active condition). 2. Tetris (casual game). Both conditions: Play for 30 minutes a day, 5 days a week, for 7 weeks. Including weekly phone calls to discuss compliance and possible problems. Pre and post. Visual memory, executive functions, (visual) sustained attention, working memory, ADHD symptoms; perceived interest and self-reported value of the training, adherence. No significant differences between conditions on cognitive and ADHD-symptom measures after intervention. SBT showed a significant pre-post intra-group beneficial effect on sustained attention and Tetris a significant positive prepost intra-group effect on spatial working memory. Bikic et al. 2018 Denmark Children with ADHD 70 84.3 9.95 (1.70) 6-13 years 1. Cognitive computer games from the ACTIVATE program (applied game) + TAU. 2. TAU (active condition). Both conditions received TAU. TAU consisted of clinical assessment and treatment (psycho-education, parent training, advising the parent and school, medication). In addition, the intervention group was encouraged to use the computer program ACTIVATE for six 40-minute sessions per week, for 8 weeks. Pre, post, 12 and 24-weeks FU. Sustained attention, spatial working memory, reaction time, spatial planning, attention switching, executive functioning, response inhibition; executive functioning, ADHD symptoms, functional impairment; age and ADHD subtype (moderator); compliance, time of playing, game progress No significant beneficial effects of ACTIVATE on primary or secondary outcome measures (sustained attention, executive functioning and ADHD symptoms). ACTIVATE did had an effect on one exploratory measure, the accuracy in planning, which was maintained at both FUs.
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