2 Attitudes toward health, healthcare, and eHealth of people with a low socioeconomic position 27 some participants frequently visiting the community center participated in each of the three phases, while others only participated in one. 2.2.2 Procedure and materials In phase one, we aimed to form a trustful research partnership with the community and narrow down the research scope by simultaneously exploring and identifying specific research directions. We initiated the partnership by attending community gatherings and organizing health-themed lunch events at the community center. Such immersive activities have been used and proven successful in creating a relationship in various other CBPR efforts (Israel, 2013). During these activities, we addressed the research scope by engaging in unstructured interviews with community members individually. Based on an initial literature review, a backlist of topics guided the interviews and helped to steer them toward our research questions (Wilson, 2014). We divided the topic questions into three overarching research themes: attitudes toward health, healthcare, and eHealth. For example, we explored the attitude toward health with questions such as “How important is it for you to live long?” Questions such as “What do you think of your doctor’s advice?” and “What do you think of a technology that could help you live healthier?” referred to the attitude toward healthcare and eHealth, respectively. Data was captured by taking quick field notes during the visits and elaborating on them into comprehensive reports directly afterward. In phase two, we investigated the specific directions resulting from the first phase more extensively through semi-structured interviews. In contrast to unstructured interviews, these interviews are more formal and intimate, which comes conjointly with emotional challenges when discussing sensitive and stigma-inducing topics (Renzetti & Lee, 1993). Therefore, the pre-established trusting relationship between participants and the researcher was an essential facilitator. The interviews (N = 10) were conducted at the community center in a separate room with the participants individually and took approximately thirty minutes. We developed the interview guide structuring the interview based on the research directions from the first phase. For example, we explored how the participants perceived their health with the question: “What do you have to do to become 100% healthy?” The data was collected by audio-recording and transcribing the interviews. We progressed to the subsequent phase when we achieved theoretical saturation. In the third phase, we validated and generalized the insights from phase two and discovered general attitudes through the data-driven profiles. Meanwhile, we had to consider the newly introduced COVID-19 regulations. Therefore, we developed a digital questionnaire which we distributed digitally to members of community centers. This questionnaire presented the resulting insights of the second phase and asked the
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