69 Risk factor clustering by sex in the Southern Cone of Latin America 3 Participants with CHD N=634 CHD and Primary education N=343 CHD and Secondary education N=213 CHD and Secondary education N=213 Combination Male N=317 Female N=317 p Combination Male N=164 Female N=179 p Combination Male N=108 Female N=105 p Combination Male N=45 Female N=35 p HLOF 28.3 29.6 0.53 HLOF 31.4 40.0 0.17 HLOF 22.8 21.0 0.76 HLOF 33.2 25.4 0.55 HDOF 12.5 14.1 0.30 HDOF 14.7 18.5 0.42 HDOF 10.2 12.3 0.65 HLOP 22.6 13.5 0.34 HLOP 11.3 13.8 0.08 HLOP 12.9 18.3 0.21 HLOP 5.1 14.8 0.02 HDOF 11.9 15.7 0.72 LDP 7.1 9.8 0.04 LDP 8.3 12.9 0.25 LDP 5.4 11.7 0.10 LDP 8.7 14.8 0.45 HDOP 5.0 8.1 0.01 HDOP 5.5 12.3 0.04 HLFS 10.7 4.6 0.12 HDOP 8.5 9.1 0.92 HLFS 10.6 7.5 0.00 HLFS 11.2 5.1 0.04 HDOP 3.2 10.5 0.03 HLOS 6.6 5.2 0.78 LOFS 6.5 6.1 0.70 LOFS 8.8 7.1 0.61 AFL 7.8 2.6 0.13 HDOA 7.8 2.3 0.23 HDOA 8.5 5.8 0.00 HOFS 8.3 5.2 0.29 HDOA 6.3 3.4 0.31 AFH 9.1 0.0 0.09 HLOS 5.7 5.3 0.70 HDOA 10.7 2.7 0.00 LOFS 4.3 5.5 0.72 HLFS 8.6 0.0 0.12 HOFS 5.9 5.0 0.33 HLOS 7.7 5.1 0.37 HLOS 3.1 4.7 0.51 AFL 5.5 0.0 0.20 DOAS 0.6 0.3 0.17 HDPS 0.0 0.5 0.35 Table 3. Most common combinations of 3 and 4 RF in men and women by previous history of CHD and educational level. Results in percentages. Note: Results are expressed in percentages. Abbreviations: coronary heart disease (CHD), hypertension (H), dyslipidemia (L), diabetes (D), obesity (O), excessive alcohol consumption (A), smoking (S), low physical activity (P), low fruit and vegetable consumption (F). Education: highest educational level attained by participants. Hypertension: systolic blood pressure ≥140 mm Hg, diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mm Hg, or current use of antihypertensive medication Dyslipidemia: total cholesterol ≥240 mg/dL, LDL-cholesterol ≥160 mg/Dl, HDL-cholesterol <40 mg/dL, triglyceride ≥200 mg/dL or current use of lipid-lowering medication. Diabetes: self-reported diabetes, fasting glucose ≥126 mg/dL, or current use of hypoglycemic medication. Obesity: body mass index ≥30kg/m2, or central obesity (waist circumference ≥102 cm in women ≥88 cm in men). Excessive alcohol consumption: >14 units/week or >5 units at one occasion (around two hours more than once per month) (men); >7 units/week or >4 units in one occasion (women). Alcohol units: drink-equivalents containing 14 grams of alcohol. Low physical activity: <600 MET-minutes/week of total physical activity. Low fruit and vegetable consumption: <5 servings/day (400g/day).
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