7. Needle-free jet Injector-assisted triamcinolone treatment of keloids and hypertrophic scars is effective and well tolerated in children. 183 7. RESULTS Demographics Eleven patients (six female) with a median age of 12 years (IQR: 9–12 years) and a total of more than 118 keloids or HTS were included in this retrospective cohort study (Table 1). Seven patients with keloids and four patients with HTS were treated with intralesional TCA using an EPI. The majority of patients (82%, 9/11) had previously received multiple CN-assisted TCA injections. Reasons to initiate EPI-assisted treatments were needle phobia (45%, 5/11), severe procedure-related pain during CN (82%, 9/11), and/or suboptimal results after previous treatments (82%, 9/11). Treatment A median of 4 (IQR: 3–7, n = 11) EPI-assisted intralesional TCA treatments were administered in total (Table 1). Pressure settings varied between 2.8 and 4.6 Bar (20–65% of maximum pressure). Effectiveness Clinical improvement was observed in all patients, both from a patient and physician perspective (Table 2, Figs. 1 and 2). The follow-up period varied from 6 weeks to 12 months. The median total POSAS observer score was 38.0 (IQR: 30.5–40.5) at baseline, and decreased significantly with a median of −11.0 points (−28.9%; IQR: −13.5 to −7.5) at follow-up (p = 0.005, n = 11). The median total POSAS patient score was 43.0 (IQR: 38.0– 47.0) at baseline, and changed significantly with a median of −10.0 points (−23.8%; IQR: −20.0 to −5.0) at follow-up (p = 0.009, n = 11). The overall aesthetic clinical effectiveness using the GAIS scale at follow-up was assessed as ‘improved’ and ‘very improved’ compared with baseline in respectively 73% (8/11) and 27% (3/11) of the patients.
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