Applying GRADE for diagnosis 85 2 Study population Baseline: 178 7 yrs (range, 6.5 to 7.5 years) old Korean children with allergic rhinitis. 107 boys and 71 girls. Outcome measures (nasal / ocular symptoms, concentration, sleep problems, absenteeism from school / work, quality of life) Number at follow-up: 122, of whom 18 had allergic rhinitis. Allergic rhinitis: 28% [5/18] remained allergic rhinitis, 72% [13/18] symptom free. Follow-up: 2 yrs. Risk of bias (tailormade criteria) Primary Was there a representative sample of patient (who were at a similar, identifiable, common, and possible early point in the course of the disease)? Yes/no/unclear Was follow-up sufficiently long and complete? Yes/no/unclear Secondary Were objective and unbiased outcome criteria used? Yes/no/unclear Were all characteristics of patients known or suspected to affect the outcome recorded (e.g. comorbidity) Yes/no/unclear Was there adjustment for important prognostic factors (e.g. information about treatment)? Yes/no/unclear Westman, 2012 [15] Author Westman Year of publication 2012 Journal Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Study design Prospective cohort study Setting Population-based, Sweden Study population 4089 children born from 1994 to 1996 enrolled at median age of 3 months. Analysed: 2024 children, who were tested for Phadiatop at both 4 and 8 years of age and had completed the questionnaires at age 0, 4, and 8 years Outcome measures (nasal / ocular symptoms, concentration, sleep problems, absenteeism from school / work, quality of life) Of 4 yrs olds with allergic rhinitis, 87% continued having allergic rhinitis at the age of 8 yrs; 12% underwent remission. Follow-up: 4 yrs. Risk of bias (tailormade criteria) Primary Was there a representative sample of patient (who were at a similar, identifiable, common, and possible early point in the course of the disease)? Yes/no/unclear Was follow-up sufficiently long and complete? Yes/no/unclear Secondary Were objective and unbiased outcome criteria used? Yes/no/unclear Were all characteristics of patients known or suspected to affect the outcome recorded (e.g. comorbidity) Yes/no/unclear Was there adjustment for important prognostic factors (e.g. information about treatment)? Yes/no/unclear Yonekura, 2012 [16] Author Yonekura Year of publication 2012
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