Chapter 3 84 While these individual biomarkers show predictive potential, their accuracy is limited, likely due to the multifaceted nature of the antitumor immune response. Therefore, combining biomarkers holds promise for enhancing predictive accuracy, as demonstrated previously for combinations like TMB with PD-L132,33 and CD8 TILs with PD-L122,34. Thus, the primary objective of this study is to investigate the performance of biomarker pairs, including CD8, PD-1T and CD3 TILs, CD20+ B cells, TLS, PD-L1, and TIS, and compare their efficacy against individual biomarkers in predicting clinical benefit to PD-1 blockade in NSCLC.
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