155 Microbiome modulation by antibiotics in patients with asthma **** *** Ciprofloxacin Control Gut microbiome modulation n = 13 n = 7 Vancomycin Metronidazole House dust mite challenge by bronchoscopy House dust mite challenge by bronchoscopy Collection of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid seven hours post challenge. Primary outcome: influx of eosinophils and neutrophils. 7 days + A 0 1 2 3 4 5 Diversity (Shannon Index) B Controls Before antibiotics After antibiotics saline HDM saline HDM Bifidobacteriaceae Coriobacteriaceae Bacteroidaceae Prevotellaceae Acidaminococcaceae Christensenellaceae Erysipelotrichaceae Lachnospiraceae Leuconostocaceae Peptostreptococcaceae Ruminococcaceae Streptococcaceae Veillonellaceae Enterobacteriaceae Akkermansiaceae Others Controls Before antibiotics After antibiotics C n.s 10 100 1,000 10,000 100,000 1,000,000 Eosinophils n.s 10 100 1,000 10,000 100,000 1,000,000 Neutrophils n.s. 10 100 1,000 10,000 100,000 1,000,000 Lymphocytes n.s 10 100 1,000 10,000 100,000 1,000,000 Alveolar macrophages n.s 100,000 1,000,000 Control group saline Antibiotics group saline Control group HDM/LPS Antibiotics group HDM/LPS Total cells Number of cells / mL D 7
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