Tjitske van Engelen

248 Chapter 10 Severity of disease Pneumonia Severity Index, median (IQR) 72 [52, 98] 77 [53, 102] Modified Early Warning Score, median (IQR) 3 [2, 5] 3 [2, 4] Definite diagnosis at day 28 Community-acquired pneumonia 88 (35) 75 (34) Bronchitis, bronchiolitis 35 (14) 40 (18) Sinusitis and other upper respiratory tract infections 17 (7) 20 (9) Pulmonary embolism 1 (0) 5 (2) Other pulmonary diseases3 67 (26) 66 (29) Heart diseases4 14 (5) 21 (9) Lung cancer or pulmonary metastasis 1 (0) 6 (3) Other diagnoses5 99 (38) 85 (37) Outcomes Hospital admission6 136 (52) 139 (60) 0.09 Length of hospital stay, days, median (IQR)7 1.6 [0, 5] 1.8 [0, 5] 0.13 Mortality within 28 days6 2 (0.8) 8 (3.5) 0.07 Antibiotic treatment in 28 days after ED presentation6 165 (63) 155 (67) 0.34 Total days of antibiotic therapy, median (IQR)7 7 [5, 9] 7 [5, 10] 0.68 Functional health2,8,9, mean (SD) 37 (11) 36 (11) 0.30 Definition of abbreviations: ED = emergency department; RTI = respiratory tract infection, IQR = interquartile range. Data are n(%) unless otherwise indicated. 1Charlson Comorbidity Index, excluding AIDS. Predicts 10-year survival in patients with multiple comorbidities. 2More than 5% missing data. 3Aspiration pneumonia, radiation pneumonia, exacerbation asthma, exacerbation chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, exacerbation cystic fibrosis, pleural effusion or empyema, atelectasis, interstitial lung disease. 4Acute coronary syndrome with or without elevated troponins, stable angina pectoris, cardiac failure, pericarditis, cardiac arrythmias. 5Acute chest syndrome in sickle cell disease, thoracic pain of unknown origin, dyspnea of unknown origin, fever of unknown origin, other thoracic pathology, extrathoracic pathology, no pathology, unclear diagnosis. 6Chi-square test statistic for categorical data. 7Wilcoxon signed rank sum-test for continuous nonparametric data. 8Student’s t-test for continuous parametric data. 9By use of the short form (SF)-12 questionnaire which measures functional health with the physical component summary scale (PCS) score (scale 0-100, higher score corresponds to better functional health).

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