Tjitske van Engelen

308 Chapter 13 expected to play a central role in this shift, enabling clinicians to stratify patients and deliver more personalized therapies based on individual immune responses. The integration of multi-omics approaches—such as genomics, proteomics, and metabolomics—will allow for a more comprehensive understanding of the host’s immune response. Advanced computational methods will be necessary to analyse complex datasets and translate them into actionable insights for clinical practice. The development of point-of-care tests for rapid biomarker measurements will also be crucial for integrating these tools into everyday healthcare. The thesis identifies several challenges for the future, including the need for standardizing biomarker assays and developing real-time decision-support systems for clinicians. These tools will enable the quick analysis of biomarker data and help guide treatment decisions in critically ill patients. The ultimate goal is to move towards tailored, individualized treatment plans that improve outcomes for patients with severe pneumonia and sepsis.

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