Tjitske van Engelen

52 Chapter 3 Hospitalized children 131 acute infections (E coli n=29, S aureus n=50, S pneumonia n=16, Influenza A n=36) 7 healthy controls 35 (Influenza A from E coli or S pneumonia) 131 in one hospital USA Hospitalized children 131 acute infections (E coli n=29, S aureus n=50, S pneumonia n=16, Influenza A n=36) 7 healthy controls 30 (S aureus from E coli) 131 in one hospital USA Children 2-36 months old 30 fever without a source (HHV-6 n=8, adenovirus n=8, enterovirus n=6, acute bacterial infection n=8) 35 afebrile children (HHV-6 n=2, adenovirus n=3, rhinovirus n-=8, virusnegative n=22) 1581 probes (viral from bacterial) 65 in one hospital USA Hospitalized infants 181 viral LRTI (RSV n=135, human rhinovirus n=30, influenza n=16) 39 healthy controls 70 (RSV from human rhinovirus or influenza) 220 in one hospital USA Children 240 febrile patients (bacterial infection n=52, viral infection n=92, indeterminate infection n=96) 52 healthy controls 38 (bacterial from viral), 2 (bacterial from viral after removing highly correlated transcripts); FAM89A and IFI44L 292 in four hospitals in the UK, Spain, the Netherlands and the USA Prognostic biomarkers Clinical setting Cases No of classifier genes and name No of subjects and/or discovery cohort Adults; ICU 265 CAP-derived sepsis (SRS1 n=108, SRS2 n=157) 7 (to stratify patients into subgroups with different immune response states and prognoses, named SRS 1 and 2) 265 in 29 ICUs in UK Children <11 years; ICU 220 septic shock (survivors n=197; non-survivors n=23) 5 protein biomarkers derived from previous genome-wide expression profiling to predict 28-day all cause mortality; PERSERVERE 220 in 17 institutions

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