65 Hyperferritinemia in patients with pneumonia with the log-rank test. Benjamini-Hochberg multiple test corrected P values below 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results Patients with CAP have elevated plasma ferritin levels on hospital admission Between October 2016 and July 2018, 174 patients with CAP and 50 age- and sex-matched (mean age 69 years; 58% male) controls without infection were enrolled. CAP patients had significantly higher plasma ferritin levels on hospital admission (259.5 ng/ml; IQR 123.1 – 518.3) than non-infected control subjects (102.8 ng/ml; IQR 53.5 - 185.7; p<0.001) (Figure 1). Plasma ferritin concentrations measured in a subset of CAP patients (n = 88) approximately one month after admission (mean (SD) 34 ± 6 days)(139.6 ng/ml; IQR 47.5 – 379.7) were not different from those in non-infectious controls (102.8 ng/ml; IQR 53.5 - 185.7; p = 0.12). **** **** 0 100 1,000 10,000 CAP, admission CAP, one month Control subjects Ferritin (ng/ml) Ferritin 250 ng/ml Ferritin 500 ng/ml Figure 1. CAP patients have higher plasma ferritin levels compared to controls. Ferritin was measured in plasma obtained from CAP patients at admission (n = 174), CAP patients at one month after admission (n = 88) and in non-infected age- and sex matched controls (n = 50). Data are expressed as box- and whisker diagrams with individual data points and horizontal solid line depicting the median. The upper dotted line shows the ferritin cut-off 500 ng/ml used for primary analysis (n = 46, ferritin ≥500 ng/ml) and the middle line shows ferritin cut-off 250ng/ ml used for secondary analysis (n = 90, ferritin ≥ 250ng/ml). The whiskers extend till the farthest point that are not outliers (meaning they are within 1.5 times the interquartile range of the lowest and highest quartile). Asterisks indicate the differences between the groups (****p <0.0001). 4
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