92 Chapter 5 advanced progressors (Post et al., 2020b). Swimmers who progressed as much as or more than the progression benchmark were defined as advanced progressors (n = 23), whereas swimmers whose progress did not reach the progression benchmark were defined as less advanced progressors (n = 66, see Figure 2). Youth swimmers in the advanced progression group (12 males and 11 females) were considered to be on track to becoming elite swimmers (i.e., belonging to the top 50 swimmers worldwide). (eq. 2) Figure 2. Schematic representation of the study sample. Statistics All data were analyzed using R (R Core Team, 2019). Descriptive statistics (mean scores and SDs) were calculated for the six self-regulation processes for (a) high-level performers and lower-level performers (part one) and (b) advanced and less advanced progressors (part two). To interpret the scores, effect sizes (Cohen’s d values) were calculated. An effect size of approximately 0.20 was considered small, while effect sizes of 0.50 and 0.80 were considered moderate and large, respectively (Cohen, 1988). Referring to the previous literature (see Jonker et al., 2011) and our own data, we conducted a preliminary multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA), which showed that the engagement in SRL subprocesses was significantly related to weekly training hours but
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