104 Chapter 5 2. Methods 2.1 Setting Participants were recruited in Dutch residential care facilities specialized for youngsters with a mild intellectual disability in combination with complex behavioral problems. According to the DSM-5, a mild intellectual disability is characterized by an intelligence quotient (IQ) between 50 and 69, combined with problems in reasoning, learning, problem solving, and adaptive behavior, impeding a range of everyday social and practical skills (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). Persons with borderline intellectual functioning have an IQ that typically ranges between 70 and 85. Just like their peers with an IQ below the 70 cut-off, they often struggle with the adaptive skills to meet the demands of everyday life. For some people (including our participants) this means that they are in need of care that is considerate of their limited adaptive skills and intellectual functioning (American Psychiatric Association, 2013; Wieland & Zitman, 2016). Due to the shared deficiencies, people with mild intellectual disability or borderline intellectual functioning have access to the same specialized care in the Netherlands and researchers consequently study them as one group. In this care setting, treatment protocols are tailored to the individuals’ specific personality traits (cf. personality-targeted treatment, Gosens et al., 2021; O'Leary-Barrett et al., 2016; Schijven et al., 2020b). 2.2 Procedures Information folders about the daily diary study were distributed to care professionals and youngsters. Youngsters who were interested contacted the researcher, after which they were further briefed about study procedures. Informed consent was then obtained from the participant and – when under age or under legal custody – from the parents or legal guardian. During the intake, the researcher screened the participant’s personality profile and explained the daily diary procedure. Participation was rewarded with a gift card worth maximally 75 euros. The Ethical Committee Social Sciences of Radboud University approved current study procedures (ECSS–2020–105). 2.2.1 Personality profiles Personality-targeted interventions are becoming increasingly popular, particularly in substance use interventions in school- and care settings (e.g., Gosens et al., 2022; O'Leary-Barrett et al., 2016). In such programs the Substance Use Risk Profile Scale (SURPS; Woicik et al., 2009) is administered at intake to evaluate which personality-targeted intervention protocol would fit each individual best. The best
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