27 General Introduction 1 across individuals (e.g., the average lines in Figure 2), the change process of each individual is modeled separately. This dissertation started out with case descriptions of Kevin, John, Naomi, and Kyla – how they share a mild intellectual disability diagnosis but still differ in terms of their care-, educational- and familial histories, their (dis)abilities, personalities, and severity and nature behavioral problems (Segeren et al., 2018; Soenen et al., 2012; Nouwens et al., 2017). An unanswered question remains: how (dis) similar are their behavioral change processes? Figure 5 A hypothetical example of Chapter 5's lens for studying change Note. Illustration of assessing each individual's change process separately one by one. In Chapter 5 the microscope's lens zooms in on one individual, after which it is moved around to focus on the next individual, and so on. Figure 5 visualizes what it means to analyze each individual's process one by one. To this end, we aim to model the personality structure of each individual. Personality research goes hand in hand with the idiographic approach because it has always been about conceptualizing what makes a person unique (Allport, 1937). Personality is also highly relevant to this dissertation because treatment protocols in care facilities for people with mild intellectual disability might be tailored to the individuals’ specific personality traits. In particular, Take it Personal! (Gosens et al., 2022; Schijven et al., 2020a), adapts the treatment protocol to someone’s personality traits. In other words, personality assessments aid the identification of which treatment
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