61 Behavioral problems in Take it Personal! 3 2.2.3 Substance use frequency One item from the Substance Use and Misuse in Intellectual Disability Questionnaire (SumID-Q; VanDerNagel et al., 2011) was used to measure the frequency of substance use. In accordance with the structure of the SumID-Q, substance use frequency was asked for three categories separately: alcohol, cannabis, and other drugs. The latter category ‘other drugs’ included the following substances: cocaine, crack cocaine, ecstasy, LSD, GHB, heroin, or magic mushrooms. Participants thus answered the questions “How often do you drink alcohol / smoke weed / do any of the other illicit drugs?” with answer categories (1) ‘never’, (2) ‘less than once a month’, (3) ‘every month’, (4) ‘every week’, (5) ‘almost every day’. 2.3 Prevention program Take it Personal! was a substance use prevention program that was developed for adolescents and young adults (14-30 years old) with a mild intellectual disability and emotional and/or behavioral problems. The program was based on the theory that personality is a key construct for understanding a person’s substance use (Conrod et al., 2006). For each of the four personality profiles (NT, AS, IMP, SS), different programs were developed that had the same structure, but with their own personality-specific materials, games and (psychomotor) exercises. The primary aim was to reduce substance use. The use of one of more substances (alcohol, cannabis or other illicit drugs) was addressed that was/were most relevant for the individual. A secondary aim was to reduce relevant related emotional and/or behavioral problems. Each program comprised five 45-minute group sessions and five 30-minute individual sessions within a 6-week time span, each conducted by a clinical psychologist and a psychomotor therapist. There were three general components to Take it Personal! that were delivered through psychomotor-, motivational interviewing-, cognitive behavioral therapeutic techniques: 1) psychoeducation about participants’ personality profile, 2) training of behavioral coping skills, and 3) training of cognitive coping skills. The intention was to teach adolescents and young adults skills to cope with personality-related cognitions and behaviors that results in substance use or other emotional or behavioral problems. Each participant set personalized goals and edited a personal ‘changing plan’ for their own (substance use) problems. In this personal ‘changing plan’, each participant wrote down—in addition to goals relating to reducing substance use—their goals for reducing the emotional and/or behavioral problems that were relevant for them. Hence, each participant had unique goals with respect to existing emotional and/or behavioral problems, that reflected the actuality of their lives. The content of Take it Personal! is described in more detail in the intervention mapping paper (Schijven et al., 2020b).
RkJQdWJsaXNoZXIy MTk4NDMw