84 Chapter 4 3. Results 3.1 Sample description The sample's mean age was 21.4 (SD = 5.1, range 14–33), with 14 participants (28%) being under the age of 18. In the whole sample, mean total IQ was 72.6 (SD = 9.4) and 28 (56%) were male. Participants received either ambulatory care (n = 6, 12%) or intramural care at a residential care facility (n = 38, 76%) or juvenile detention center (n = 6, 12%). All care facilities were specialized for youth with complex behavioral problems and a mild intellectual disability in the Netherlands. Comorbidity to the mild intellectual disability was common in our sample: 16 participants (32%) had one DSM diagnosis comorbid to their mild intellectual disability (or borderline intellectual functioning), 15 (30%) had two comorbid diagnoses, and 9 (18%) had three comorbid diagnoses. We counted 23 unique comorbid disorders according to the DSM-5 (American Psychiatric Association, 2013), which reflects a heterogeneous sample. The most frequently recurring DSM-5 disorders were post-traumatic stress disorder (n = 11, 22%), attention deficit hyper activity disorder (n = 10, 20%), autism spectrum disorder (n = 9, 18%) and reactive attachment disorder (n = 9, 18%). Nine participants (three from residential care and all six from the juvenile detention center) had restricted or no access to their own mobile phone due to disciplinary reasons. For them, arrangements were made with staff to allow them to complete their diary survey once per day, in privacy, on a phone or tablet device provided by the care facility. 3.2 Drop-out and compliance Table 1 presents participant demographics and primary outcome measures for the whole sample and per care type (ambulatory, residential or juvenile detention). Overall, 13 of the 50 participants (26%) who started the 60-day diary period dropped out before completing the 60 days. The median day number on which these 13 participants dropped out was day number 19 (range day 2 to day 46). Of the 13 drop-outs, 12 were interviewed. The reasons provided for dropping out were forgetting to adhere to the diaries (n =4), frustrations with technical problems with the mobile device or application (n = 3), stress in their personal lives that was unrelated to the diary study (n = 3), and the diary protocol being too intense (n = 1) or too boring (n = 1).
RkJQdWJsaXNoZXIy MTk4NDMw