79 High Signal Intensity (HSI) foci (n=31) and individual JZ measurements (including JZ Max) (n=15) (see Table S2 for further details). Table 3.2: MRI Characteristics for patients with adenomyosis diagnosis versus those without Histopathology Adenomyosis (n=131) No Adenomyosis (n=165) p-value MRI Features Mean JZ (mm) 9.40 ± 6.40 8.35 ± 4.60 <.001 JZ Max (mm) 16.0 ± 10.10 13.40 ± 6.20 <.001 JZ Diff (mm) 8.60 ± 7.20 8.15 ± 5.50 .003 Mean JZ/MYO 0.56 ± 0.29 0.49 ± 0.21 .040 Mean JZ Asymmetry (mm) 0.10 ± 3.50 0.35 ± 2.90 .518 Mean Wall Thickness (mm) 18.72 ± 6.50 17.12 ± 6.00 .069 Mean Wall Asymmetry (mm) 1.73 ± 6.50 1.02 ± 6.10 .295 Mean Uterine Length (mm) 88.80 ± 17.90 89.05 ± 18.70 .989 Mean Uterine Volume (mm3) 240,774.63 ± 167,707.00 214,199.41 ± 160,215.50 .613 Adenomyosis Focus SI 402.00 ± 191.00 422.50 ± 213.80 .363 SI Ratio 2.18 ± 1.02 2.38 ± 1.15 .521 JZ Max ³12 mm (n) 87 (66.4%) 73 (46.5%) .004 JZ Diff ³5 mm (n) 109 (83.2%) 99 (63.1%) .024 JZ/MYO >.4 (n) 92 (70.2%) 98 (62.4%) .021 HSI Foci (n) 52 (39.7%) 14 (8.9%) <.001 MRI = Magnetic Resonance Imaging; JZ = Junctional Zone; Max = Maximum; JZ Diff = Junctional Zone Differential; JZ/MYO = Junctional Zone to Myometrium Ratio; SI = Signal Intensity; HSI = High Signal Intensity Significant differences between groups were found for mean JZ thickness, maximal JZ thickness, and JZ differential (JZ Diff) (p<.001, <.001, and .003, respectively). Similar differences were observed for the cut-offs of JZ ³12 mm, JZ Diff ³5 mm, and JZ to myometrium ratio (JZ/MYO) >.4 (p=.004, .024, and .021, respectively). Compared to patients without adenomyosis, the MRIs of patients with adenomyosis more often showed HSI foci (39.7% vs. 8.9%, p<.001). Figure 3.2 shows illustrative examples of these MRI features in patients with and without a histopathological diagnosis of adenomyosis.
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