Pranav Bhagirath

82 Chapter 4 Table 2. Patient characteristics. Patient 1 Patient 2 Patient 3 Patient 4 Patient 5 Patient 6 Patient 7 Patient 8 Age (years) 66 60 49 60 62 54 56 63 Sex Male Female Male Female Male Male Male Female Index-procedure No No No No Yes Yes No Yes BMI 26 25 30 29 27 26 25 32 Hypertension No Yes Yes Yes No No Yes Yes Mitral valve regurgitation Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes No No LVEF (%) 58% 63% 51% 26% 48% 62% 51% 57% LA volume (ml) 93 52 53 78 76 180 45 73 Months to redo procedure 14 16 19 19 - - 32 - AF recurrence after redo Yes No No Yes - - No - Sphericity Adaptation of the LA segmentation (removal of PV’s and LAA) to perform sphericity analysis was achieved in 1.5 ± 0.5 minutes. All patients undergoing a redo ablation had a high LA sphericity (85 ± 3) indicative of advanced structural remodeling and associated with a high AF recurrence rate ( figure 2 ). Patients undergoing their index procedure had a lower sphericity of 77 ± 4. Median follow-up duration was 265 days (interquartile range: 142-874). Scar-map fusion with EAM Index procedure After merging, a high visual correlation was observed between areas of scar on the scar-map and sites of ablation on the EAM ( figure 3 ). Dense scar areas on the scar-map correlated with sites of multiple ablation applications on the EAM. The left inferior pulmonary vein (LIPV) and right superior pulmonary vein (RSPV) demonstrated a higher presence of scar compared to the other areas (movie 2). The right inferior pulmonary vein (RIPV) showed the highest number of gaps (average 2) and the LIPV the fewest (average 0.8) ( table 3 ).